RESUMEN
Diabetes is considered as a precipitating factor for the poor outcomes of COVID-19. Patients with diabetes had a 2.5-3.9 times higher odds of being infected. Viral infection in diabetic patients could be harder to treat due to fluctuations in blood glucose levels. Their compromised immune system leads to a longer duration of recovery. Furthermore, poorly controlled diabetes impairs the immune response to viral infections. C-reactive protein, IL-6, and D-dimer are inflammatory biomarkers elevated among diabetic patients infected with COVID-19.Many scenarios could explain;how could COVID-19 induce Type 1 diabetes? and how COVID-19 brings out Type 2 diabetes? There is lack of data regarding pancreatic abnormalities and manifestation in COVID-19 patients. Hence, further investigations are required to stand on the consequences of COVID-19 in subjects with prediabetes and patients with diabetes. Losing at least 15 pounds, regular physical exercise, control diet and regular checkup are the most important measures for prevention of diabetes after COVID-19. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels after COVID-19 illness and control of hyperglycemia as early as possible are essential to avoid development of severe complications and poor outcome. Appropriate management of comorbidities is of great significance in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic. Diabetic patients must have priority for vaccination against COVID-19. CDC recommends that people with underlying medical conditions including diabetes should receive a third dose of COVID-19 Vaccine at least 3-6 months after completion of their second dose series.
RESUMEN
New Zealand and many countries gained heightened awareness of indoor air quality (IAQ) issues, and increased investment, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, to improve their IAQ and reduce air pollution in commercial and residential buildings. Additionally, some countries have introduced new standards for indoor environments, such as the New Zealand "healthy homes” standard. At the same time, COVID-19 pandemic forced many people to spend much more time in indoor spaces, due to stay-at-home, or lockdown orders by governments. This increased attention on other aspects of indoor environmental quality, such as occupants' satisfaction with thermal comfort parameters, presents an additional parameter for research and in the development of standards. From a medical perspectives, infectious respiratory diseases, such as influenza or COVID-19, are transmitted by airborne droplets. In this work, we assess a Polyester Filter and UV light (PFUV) dehumidifier device performance in an office with two occupants (one uninfected and the other one infected with a disease with airborne transmission using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Two positions for locating the PFUV dehumidifier in an office with a scenario in which one person is exhaling infected air and the other occupant must inhale and exhale from the shared air. The CFD model illustrated the best position of the device to distribute the air velocity contours. Further, based on the CFD model which was validated via the IAQ and comfort kit (Testo 400) thermal comfort analysis showed that the room is slightly cold. Copyright © 2022 by ASME.
RESUMEN
The lack of knowledge about the diseases can increase the risk of transmission of infection particularly in elderly patients. This study is aimed to evaluate the knowledge on the prevention practice of COVID-19 among Middle-aged adults in the Riyadh region in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional internet-based study was conducted among Saudi adults living in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia using Google forms. The data collection was carried out using a convenience sampling technique over four months in 2021 (February to May) using structured pre-validated self-administered questionnaires. All participants for this study were recruited through social media platforms. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS and a p-value of < 0.05 indicated statistically significant results. Among the respondents a greater proportion of them were males 92.9% (n = 171), most of them were aged between 41-45 years old. Of the respondent's, half of them were (n = 92) were employed and 64.7% (n = 119) of them were Saudis. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 identified by Saudi adults were fever 97.8% (n = 180) followed by cough, 85.3% (n = 157), sore throat 68% (n = 125) and headache72% (n = 132). Most of them (n = 172;96.1%) agreed that the COVID-19 spreads via respiratory droplets of infected individuals. The most common complications reported were pneumonia 85.3% (n = 157), respiratory failure 77.7% (n = 143). Almost all participants 99% (n = 183) agreed that isolation in the proper place is the best way to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Also, most of the respondents agreed that wearing medical masks also helps in controlling the infection with the COVID-19 (n = 173;94%). The middle-aged adults from Riyadh Region showed adequate knowledge of COVID-19 preventative measures. However, there is a need to implement educational interventions and training programs on infection control practices for COVID-19 across the countries in need. Copyright © 2022, Romanian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences. All rights reserved.
RESUMEN
Poor indoor environmental quality (IEQ) has become a global concern for World Health Organization (WHO),and its impact on health and well-being has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. To monitor and sanitizeindoor air, this study develops a cost-effective and customizable IEQ monitoring system to detect unhealthy andlow-comfort air levels. This system uses ThingSpeak (MATLAB), microcontrollers (Arduino Uno), and variouslow-cost sensors to measure indoor air quality (IAQ) and IEQ in terms of gas, particulate matter, temperature, soundlevel, and ultraviolet (UV) light. The presented system is validated with respect to temperature, relative humidity,and particulate matter by benchmarking against the Camfil air image sensor manufactured by Camfil AB, Stockholm,Sweden. The average error of temperature, relative humidity, and PM2.5 are 0.55%, 5.13%, and 3.45%, respectively © by the authors. Licensee TAETI, Taiwan. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).